Yoga and Sensory Integration

Downward Dog Pose provides proprioceptive input.

Sensory integration skills are promoted by the practice of yoga. The theory of sensory integration surmises that our brains receive sensory information from the sensory receptors in our bodies; this information is directed to the brain where it is organized and interpreted and the brain responds with something called "an adaptive response". The primary sensory systems, which are also the sensory systems that many people are not necessarily familiar with, are the tactile system, the vestibular system, and the proprioceptive system. The visual, auditory, gustatory, touch, and taste senses are also important in this theory.

The tactile system- receptors for this lie in our skin and give us information regrading temperature, texture, shape and size.

The vestibular system-this system is located within the inner ear and gives us information on where we are in relation to gravity. It allows us to make adjustments in the body if we happen to fall forward or lose balance in any direction.

The proprioceptive system- receptors for this lie in the muscles and joints and gives us information regarding body position and resistance. For example, I can walk without looking at my legs and feet.

We all have unique sensory systems. Our differences in sensory situations are based on how we respond to different sensory input. Those with well-integrated vestibular systems will be drawn towards activities that challenge them while those who have systems that are not well integrated may be drawn towards more passive activities. Some individuals set up their environments so they can nurture their sensory systems and therefore can function effectively. Some can not, resulting in great difficulty functioning in a world that often feels out of control.

There is a theory that postulates that sensory input is recognized as a threshold response. This explains why some people need more movement input to fell dizzy while others will feel dizzy right away. Some people prefer bland foods while others crave more spicy foods. Some people like the TV volume turned up high while others will cover their ears if it is too loud. Some people prefer soft clothing while others can wear any texture.

Children who have difficulty with sensory processing may have a sensitivity in a specific area, such as tactile, or multiple areas such as taste, smell, vestibular perception, auditory perception, and visual perception. Some children can have both sensitivities and sensory seeking systems. The ability to integrate the senses allows children to perform complex functions in our environments.

Yoga postures provide proprioceptive as well as vestibular input. For example, a spinal roll provides vestibular input as well as proprioceptive input when the child's feet meet the mat. Both simulations can alert and calm the nervous system. Other yoga poses that provide vestibular input are Ragdoll, Gorilla, Windmill, Boulder, Triangle, and Sway. The weight-bearing involved in Table, Downward dog and Arch provide proprioceptive input. Tactile input is provided in many ways, as well, such as with games and yoga props.

Triangle Pose provides vestibular input.

The spikes on the ball provide tactile input.